artigo « Estereótipos

Artigo publicado: Outgroup homogeneity effect in perception

abril 7, 2011

Título: Outgroup homogeneity effect in perception: An exploration with Ebbinghaus illusion

Autores: Keiko Ishii and Shinobu Kitayama

Periódico: Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 13, 4

An outgroup homogeneity (OH) effect implies that outgroup members are perceived to be more similar than ingroup members. At present, however, it is not clear whether the OH effect is truly perceptual. Here, we used an Ebbinghaus illusion to demonstrate the OH effect in perception. Participants were presented with one central face that was surrounded by four surrounding faces. The central face was judged to be smaller as the size of the surrounding faces increased, thereby demonstrating an Ebbinghaus illusion. As predicted, however, this illusion was significantly greater when the faces allegedly belonged to an outgroup than when they allegedly belonged to an ingroup. This perceptual OH effect bore no significant relationship with cognitive OH measures. The perceptual versus cognitive OH effects might therefore be mediated by separate mechanisms.

Deixar um comentário » | Categorias e categorização social, Crenças, Pesquisas, Publicações, Relações intergrupais | Etiquetado: artigo, Ebbinghaus, exogrupo, homogeneidade, outgroup. ilusão, publicação | Link Permanente
Escrito por Marcos E. Pereira

Artigo publicado: Decreasing Gender Prejudice Among Children

dezembro 19, 2010

Título: Teaching Children Fairness: Decreasing Gender Prejudice Among Children

Autores: Britney G. Brinkman, Allison Jedinak, Lee A. Rosen and Toni S. Zimmerman

Periódico: Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 9, 1

Abstract: clique aqui
Elementary school children (66 girls and 55 boys, aged 10–13 years) in the Western United States participated in a program designed to teach them about fairness and to decrease their engagement in gender-prejudice behaviors. The study utilized a pretest/posttest design comparing students in the treatment group to students in a control group. Children and teachers completed measures regarding the children’s engagement of gender prejudice among their classmates, and students participated in focus groups after completing the program. At posttest, students in the treatment group reported experiencing less gender-prejudice by their classmates than students in the control group. Teachers also reported fewer gender-prejudice behaviors by the students in the treatment group. Qualitative analyses of the focus groups revealed that the students reported learning to challenge gender role stereotypes and endorsed a commitment to treating boys and girls fairly.

Deixar um comentário » | Categorias e categorização social, Discriminação, Educação, idade, Pesquisas, Publicações | Etiquetado: abstract, artigo, crianças, preconceito, publicação | Link Permanente
Escrito por Marcos E. Pereira

Artigo publicado: How Ideological Attitudes Predict Host Society Members’ Attitudes toward Immigrants

dezembro 16, 2010

Título: How Ideological Attitudes Predict Host Society Members’ Attitudes toward Immigrants: Exploring Cross-National Differences

Autores: KarJ. Christopher Cohrs and Monika Stelzl

Periódico: Journal of Social Issues, 66, 4, 673-694

Abstract: clique aqui

Recent theoretical frameworks assume that the ideological attitudes of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) predict individuals’ attitudes toward immigrant groups, and that these predictive relations are affected by contextual factors. Based on these assumptions, we conducted a meta-analysis of the relations between ideological attitudes and anti-immigrant attitudes in 155 samples from 17 countries (totalN= 38,522 participants). As potential correlates of cross-national differences in these relations, socioeconomic indices, cultural worldviews, and collective perceptions of immigrants were considered. RWA was a particularly strong predictor of anti-immigrant attitudes in countries where immigrants were perceived as increasing the crime rate and as not being beneficial to the economy (e.g., Germany, Italy); and SDO was a particularly strong predictor in countries with a higher relative unemployment rate of immigrants (e.g., Belgium, Sweden). We discuss the interplay of individual and sociocultural factors and offer directions for future research.

Deixar um comentário » | Categorias e categorização social, Crenças, Locais, Pesquisas, Preconceitos, Publicações, Relações intergrupais, Textos | Etiquetado: artigo, atitude, ideologia, imigrante, predição, publicação | Link Permanente
Escrito por Marcos E. Pereira

Artigo publicado: influence of social environment on learning by older adults

outubro 1, 2010

Título: Is learning a family matter?: Experimental study of the influence of social environment on learning by older adults in the use of mobile phones

Autores: Kenji Mori and Etsuko T. Harada

Periódico: Japanese Psychological Research, 52, 3, 244-255

Resumo: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5884.2010.00434.x/abstract

Deixar um comentário » | Categorias e categorização social, Crenças, idade, Pesquisas, Publicações | Etiquetado: artigo, celular, familia, idosos, japão, pesquisa, Publicações, telefone | Link Permanente
Escrito por Marcos E. Pereira